4 – 7 They typically have small bores ( < 10 cm diameter) and utilize strong magnetic fields (4.7 to 11.7 T), resulting in very high resolution (as high as 100 μm) and high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). 2Īs with preclinical PET imaging, several MRI systems have been developed. 3 Small animal PET scanners have reconstructed spatial resolutions ranging from ∼ 2.3 to ∼ 1.5 mm full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) at the center of the field-of-view (FoV).
Nova b 15.2 series#
2 Perhaps the most successful animal PET imaging systems have been the MicroPET ® series of scanners. Preclinical PET scanners typically utilize arrays of small, parallelepiped scintillator elements (0.8 × 0.8 mm 2 to 2 × 2 mm 2 cross-sections and 10 to 30 mm long) and have high detection sensitivities (1.2% to 6.7% peak sensitivity measured with a centrally-located point source). 1 This type of imaging requires specialized devices with small bores sizes (12 to 26 cm diameters) appropriate to accommodate mice, rats, and in some cases small primates. Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners optimized for imaging of small animals are becoming common in biomedical research programs, often used with animal models of disease. There was no discernable cross-modality interference. The signal-to-noise ratio is 95 and spatial resolution is ∼ 0.25 mm.
Image homogeneity is 99% the ghosting ratio is 0.0054. System performance was evaluated using American College of Radiology-based methods. The MRI component of the system is composed of a 12-cm-diameter birdcage transmit/receive coil with a dual-preamplifier interface possessing very low noise preamplifiers. Peak noise equivalent count rate is 17.7 kcps at 8.5 MBq peak sensitivity is 2.9%. Spatial resolution is ∼ 1.71 mm 5 cm from the center of the field-of-view measured from single-slice rebinned filtered backprojection-reconstructed images.
System performance was evaluated with the NEMA NU 4-2008 protocol. The PET component of the system consists of a ring of 12 liquid-cooled, SiPM-based detector modules (diameter = 15.2 cm). The system utilizes a sequential scanner configuration instead of the more common coplanar geometry. Our group has developed a combined PET-MRI insert for the imaging of animals up to the size of rats in a clinical 3T MRI scanner. Developers of preclinical PET scanners have joined the recent multimodality imaging trend by combining PET imaging with other modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Development of advanced preclinical imaging techniques has had an important impact on the field of biomedical research, with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging the most mature of these efforts.
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